Endoscopy
Looking inside the body with a lighted scope; the client stays NPO beforehand and cannot eat until the gag reflex returns.
Endoscopy uses a flexible scope to directly visualize internal structures such as the GI tract, often with biopsy or treatment during the same procedure. Because the throat is anesthetized for an upper endoscopy, withhold food and fluids until the gag reflex returns to prevent aspiration. Afterward, monitor for bleeding, signs of perforation (severe pain, fever), and the lingering effects of sedation.
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