Motivation Theories
Frameworks such as Maslow, Herzberg, and McGregor that explain what drives people to perform.
Motivation theories give project managers a structured way to understand what drives team performance. Maslow’s Hierarchy ranks needs from physiological up to self-actualization, with lower-order needs satisfied before higher ones motivate. McGregor’s Theory X assumes workers are lazy and need direction, while Theory Y assumes they are self-directed and seek responsibility. The key exam distinction is Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory: hygiene factors (pay, working conditions, job security) only prevent dissatisfaction — they do not motivate. True motivators are achievement, recognition, and growth. Improving hygiene removes a barrier rather than creating drive.
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